Before it could be resolved through a new centralization of dynastic power under a new mandate, the intellectual crisis of the Confucian beliefs brought on by the impact of the West undermined the social order itself, which was made more vulnerable by the（ ）of its political institutions.

A.functional B.malpractice C.integration D.disintegration

Scar Jo is not the first American to convey the impression that you can get by in Paris without speaking French; David Sedaris found plenty of material writing about his dread of learning French when he lived in Paris. He avoided the challenge largely by hiding away all day in theaters, watching English-language films. Director Wes Anderson loves his place in Paris, but freely admits he doesn’t speak the language at least not well enough to understand queries at press conferences. Hence, the question: Can you actually live in Paris without speaking French?As someone married to a Frenchman, with whom I live in Paris a few months of every year, I’ll offer my quick answer: Yes. But if you can’t really talk to Parisians, you will never hit the beautiful, thoughtful, gentle sweet soft spot that lies behind their French shyness and lack of confidence—which presents itself as coldness or crankiness. Finding that sweet spot, via hours chatting with them in cafes and bars, allowed me to love Parisians after a long period of finding them completely impossible. If you are going to learn, the only way to go is total immersion. So:1. Take lessons or hire a tutor to sit in a cafe and speak French with you as often as you can afford. (And given the number of well-educated, unemployed Paris youth seeking work, it’s not that expensive.)2. Insist that your French friends speak only French with you. This is painful and will send you home at the end of the day with an aching head. But you’ll also soon realize just how different everyday French is from the stilted, outdated French you learned in school. Only very formal or written cases call for beginning questions with “Est-ce que...” or for using the nous form for us anymore. And lest you take offense when a Parisian replies to your French with her English, remember—it’s her chance to show off and practice her ESL. Parisians want you to know that they are far more likely to speak good English than French people outside of Paris, whose English mastery embarrassingly falls behind not just Northern Europe but Eastern Europe, and whose confidence levels about speaking English, accordingly, are also low.Also, don’t take offense if someone seems to be almost daring you to speak French. Says my friend Cindra Feuer, who has been living on and off in Paris for nearly two years with her French girlfriend: Her father speaks good English, but he always talks to me in French. I thought it was a challenge until my girlfriend told me that he was just insecure about speaking less than perfect English around me. And therein lies a big difference between Parisians and Americans, and our schooling systems. We were schooled and we live in a culture where it’s okay to stumble, to try and fail, to be less than perfect. The old, rote, didactic, shame-based French schooling system dies hard. French people are often afraid to speak English unless they can feel assured it’s impeccable. You, however, should cast shame aside. And if you don’t have time for a tutor, here’s a quick guide on how to fake it.5. According to the author, if one can’t really talk to Parisians, he will ________.6. Parisians like replying to others’ French with their English because ________.7. What does the author say about Parisians when compared with Americans?8. What is the author going to write about at the end of the passage?

Passage One

Directions: You are asked to write an invitation letter to Professor Smith at Oxford University who will attend the International Symposium 2017 on Economy and Environmental Protection, which will be hosted by your university. He will be one of the key-note speakers, and you should provide him with the necessary information about this symposium: duration, accommodation and transportation.1) The title should be “An Invitation Letter”.2) You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.3) Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

In ______ times, human beings did not travel for pleasure, but to find a more favorable climate.

仅仅传授专业知识是不够的。通过专业教育可以使人成为一种有用的机器，却不能成为一个全面发展的人。让学生对价值理念有所理解并产生热情，是不可或缺的。否则，他——连同他的专业知识——就更像一条受过良好训练的狗，而非一个和谐发展的人。他必须通过学习了解人们的动机、幻想和苦难，以便正确处理同他人和社会的关系。