Passage Four
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.
In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.
If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.
It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism” — but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit
nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.
The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.
Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，中肯的) not only to healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.
The danger in the sharing of household tasks between the mother and the father is that ______.
A.the role of the father may become an inferior one B.the role of the mother may become an inferior one C.the children believe that life is a battle of sexes D.sharing leads to constant arguing相关标签： 命令主义
“一切工作，如果仅仅提出任务而不注意实行时候的工作方法，不反对官僚主义的工作方法而采取实际的具体的工作方法，不抛弃命令主义的工作方法而采取耐心说服的工作方法，那么，什么任务也是不能实现的。”***同志上述观点旨在强调
A.世界观决定方法论，方法论决定世界观
B.方法论问题对于领导干部是至关重要的
C.世界观与方法论是同一问题的两个方面
D.有什么样的方法论就有什么样的世界观
勒温的放任式领导方式有哪些特点（）
A、在工作中，领导者只负责给下属提供工作所需要的条件，当下属请示工作或与其商量问题时，领导者只做简略回答，而不做指示，任凭下属自行其是
B、工作的分工由群体决定，工作的合作成员由自己选择，依据客观标准奖惩工作人员，但以表扬和鼓励为主
C、领导者对被领导者的控制方式是民主的，上下级心理相容，领导者关心被领导者的需求，尊重他们的人格和权益
D、单纯命令主义领导者发布指令，用命令的方式强制下属贯彻自己的指示
E、对工作的成绩或今后的工作设想，除非下属成员主动要求，否则不予任何评价或指示，也不实行奖惩
“许多人觉得，提出采用民主方法解决人民内部矛盾的问题是一个新的问题。事实并不是这样。马克思主义者从来就认为无产阶级的事业只能依靠人民群众，共产党人在劳动人民中间进行工作的时候必须采取民主的说服教育的方法，决不允许采取命令主义态度和强制手段。中国共产党忠实地遵守马克思列宁主义的这个原则。”材料中的“民主方法”具体表现为（）
A政治上实行团结—批评—团结的方针
B科学文化上实行“百花齐放，百家争鸣”
C经济上实行“统筹兼顾，适当安排”
D共产党和各民主党派关系上实行“长期共存，互相监督”
A．1950年
B．1951年
C．1953年
A．形式主义
B．主观主义
C．尾巴主义
D．命令主义