我国是世界上荒漠化土地分布最广的国家之一。读图完成1—2题。
1、我国土地荒漠化的现状是
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A．长江以南地区无土地荒漠化B．东北地区土地多盐碱化C．石漠化主要分布在青藏地区D．西北地区的沙质荒漠化最显著
2、甲地区胡杨林大面积死亡的最直接原因是
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A．过度农垦B．过度樵采C．不合理开矿D．不合理取水
The Arhat Who Bares His Heart （开心罗汉)
Here is a story about one of the 18 arhats （阿罗汉) in the Buddhist temple.
Shubo Jia （戌博迦) was a crown prince. He did not really want to become the __21__ of his small state. Instead, he wanted to leave the world of red dust and follow the Buddha and find enlightenment. But he __22__ he had responsibilities to his kingdom.
His younger brother, however, wanted very much to become king, and was __23__ to mount （发动) an armed rebellion against Shubo Jia in order to claim the throne.
And so, to calm his brother and to prevent a war, and above all to pursue the path he had decided he must follow to find enlightenment, he called his __24__ to him, and explained that there was no desire in his heart __25__ the land. All that was in his __26__ was the Buddha nature.
His brother did not believe any of this, for, in his mind, whatever the Buddha nature might be, it could not __27__ with the joy of running a kingdom, even a small kingdom and having everyone obey one’s every command. And so his brother suspected that Shubo Jia was __28__ trying to fool him with some unworthy ruse.
SHubo Jia protested that he was completely __29__. And with that, he pulled __30__ his gown, and the face of a Buddha was seen peering out from the middle of his chest, for indeed in his heart there was only the Buddha nature.
So that is how he is represented in art today. And it is why he is called “The Arhat Who Bares His Heart.”
Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson, Arizona. He moved there a few years ago, and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends. My earliest memories of my father are a tall, handsome, successful man devoted to his work and his family, but uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard. On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate on the street table, and laughed over my son’s funny facial expressions. Gone was my father’s critical （挑剔的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around？ What had held him back before？ The next day dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I’m at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, I’m delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.
Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult？A. He was silent most of the time. B. He was too proud of himself. C. He did not love his children. D. He expected too much of her.
When the author went out with her father on weekend, she would feel .A. nervous B. sorry C. tired D. safe
What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson？A. More critical. B. More talkative C. Gentle and friendly. D. Strict and hard-working.
The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to .A. the author’s son B. the author’s father C. the friend of the author’s father D. the café owner
阅读下面文字，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的作文。
英国人说，我们宁可失去整个印度，也不肯失去莎士比亚。
乔布斯说，我愿意用我所有的科技，去换取和苏格拉底相处的一个下午。
莫言说：“文学和科学比确实没什么用处。但是它的没有用处正是它伟大的用处。”
这些话包含的哲理，耐人寻味。你有什么看法或感受？请写成一篇文章。
要求：①选准角度，自定立意；②自拟题目；③除诗歌外，文体不限，文体特征鲜明；④不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围。
写作（本大题60分）
就在微博上“炫富事件”层出不穷之际，一个题为“炫富的那么多，哪能有炫苦精彩”的相册爆红网络了，其主人左扬民成为众多网友追捧的对象。左扬民毕业于重庆工商大学自动化专业，于2010年4月留学国外考研。端盘子、卖寿司、送报纸，手指上全是裂开的痂疤，“天天担心学费、房租，正常睡一觉、安稳坐一天都很难”，一年瘦了40斤。2011年2月左扬民在人人网上设立了留学相册，曝光自己留学国外一年“艰苦生活”。他说：“不拼爹，不炫富，人生路靠自己再苦再累心也甜！”左扬民备受网友推崇被称为“炫苦哥”，他们说，一咱要炫就炫苦，这才励志，炫富的人已经太“二”了……
请结合材料和自己的体验与感悟，写一篇文章。
要求：①选准角度，明确立意；
②自拟标题，自选文体（诗歌除外）；
③不少于800字；
④不得套作，不得抄袭。
阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。
从前商人从西域找到了一块宝石，他把宝石拿给一个经验丰富的老工匠看，可老工匠连连摇头。就在这位商人不知该怎么办的时候，老工匠的学徒——年轻的工匠勇敢地站了出来，并且完美的切割出了两块宝石……
是啊！有些时候不仅需要足够的经验，更需要抛弃许多顾虑的勇气。
请以“经验与勇气”为话题，写一篇作文。
要求：①立意自定，角度自选；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③不少于800字；④不得抄袭。