Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gesture we are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’s side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away from others. Latin and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic and culture blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.1. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ____.2. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ____.3. In countries other than their own most Americans ____.4. American people ignore cultural differences in differences in their countries because ____.5. According to the author Americans’ cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____.
A.stand still B.step forward C.jump aside D.draw back
问题2：
A.cultural self-centeredness B.indifference towards foreign visitors C.casual manners D.arrogance towards other cultures
问题3：
A.are isolated by the local people B.are not well informed due to the language barrier C.tend to get along well with the natives. D.need interpreters in hotels and restaurants.
问题4：
A.they can afford it with powerful economy and great wealth B.they are aggressive by nature and proud of their own culture C.people in other countries respect the American culture D.people in other cultures are particularly tolerant
问题5：
A.affect their image in the new era B.cut themselves off from the outside world C.limit their role in world affairs D.weaken the position of the US dollar
It is well known that the retired workers in our country are （ ）free medical care.
A.entitled to B.involved in C.associated with D.assigned to
To（ ）a room is to keep it supplied with fresh air.
A.blaze B.ventilate C.boast D.violate
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance. When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it. We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. （1）Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. The evidence had to be economic in order to be valid. It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, （2）but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. （3）Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on "worthless" species. Here again, the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid. It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops. （4）In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility. The interdependence of the forest and its constituent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken for granted.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.（5）It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.
Tom wants to be a lawyer because he feels it is a very（ ）occupation, and he was always wanted to hold a high position in society.
A.homogeneous B.prestigious C.jealous D.spontaneous
I’d（ ）his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A.take into account B.account for C.make up for D.make out