题目

阅读以下学生习作,回答问题。

案例:

阅读,真好①有人喜欢唱歌,有人喜欢网游,有人喜欢吃吃喝喝,而我喜欢阅读。②我喜欢一个人的时候坐在书房里静静地看书,看天南海北的故事,和书中人物尽情交流。③阅读,它有一种吸引力,让我放松,让我快乐,让我坚强。④阅读,让我在恢心的时候重获信心。记得初一那年,竞选班干部,自幼做贯了班长的我没选上,心中有丝丝失落。再加上一些同学话语的催化,好强的我军训第二天回家便泪流满面。恰是那时,我在书中读到了贝多芬双耳失聪依然坚强,读到了爱迪生失败多次还坚持做实验的故事。那些故事如重锤,反复地敲打着我的心房。是的,面对生活的风雨,不要害怕,要有信心。当班长需要过硬的成绩,现在没选上,证明实力不够,有本事就拿成绩去争回来呀,相信拼搏之后总会见到阳光。于是,不服输的我在连考五次第一之后,终于凭实力赢得了班长职位。⑤阅读,让我在愤怒的时候变得理性。初二上学期,我和一个好友发生了口角。当时,我气鼓鼓地回到教室,埋怨朋友的小气和口不择言。正生气时,一个从书上看来的故事在头脑中浮现:春秋时,齐国有一对非常要好的朋友,管仲与鲍叔牙。尽管管仲做了什么,鲍叔牙总是理解他。这个故事一直印在我的脑海里,让我平静,让我思考:小气、恶毒,这是我朋友的特点吗?当然不是,我被罚扫地时,她帮我扫了一周,我的钱丢了时,她陪我吃了一个星期的素,艰苦却极开心。我的朋友对我这样好,我却因为一点小矛盾就认为她是个恶毒的人。于是,我和朋友重归于好。⑥阅读,让我在迷茫中找到方向。初三上学期,学习极为紧张,一连几次考试,我都考得十分不如意,升学的压力、父母的指责、老师的期望、自己的失落,种种压力一层又一层地扣在我身上,我快透不过气来。但我硬是挺了过来,为什么?因为阅读。每每遭遇学习上的困难,我便会一头扎进书房,读名人传记,从中获得力量。拿破仑、乔丹、奧巴马、贝克汉姆,这些名人的不屈不挠的奋斗精神,总是能在我最失落的时候,抚平我的忧伤,让我振作精神,再次奋斗,直至成功。⑦有人说,看闲书是玩物丧志。而我,要感谢阅读,是阅读给我带来正能量。让我在痛苦时变得坚强,让我在孤独时获得温暖,让我在迷茫中发现希望。阅读,你会是我一生中永不离弃的依靠。⑧阅读,真好!问题:(1)请从第④段找出两个错别字,从第⑤段找出一处病句,分别改正。(8分)(2)请指出该习作的一个缺点,并提出具体的改进建议。(12分)

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Einstein is a mental Hercules, according to those who know his work. He has performed prodigious labors. By all the theories of physiognomy, he should be a granite-visaged Norse god of the Hindenburg type, instead of looking like a poet or musician. On theoretical grounds, he should have an iron will, instead of being pliant, docile, compromising. The explanation seems to be that Einstein, unlike most men of achievement, has never had to coerce or harden himself. His work was an exalted revel and his whole scientific life was a perpetual carnival, to judge from a speech of his at a dinner in Berlin in honor of the physicist, Max Planck. A preceding speaker had talked of the “agonizing toil” and “superhuman will” required of a great scientist. Einstein demurred. “This daily striving,” he said, “is dictated by no principle or program, but arises from immediate personal need. The emotional condition which renders possible such achievements is like that of the religious devotee or the lover.” On another occasion, Einstein described the impulse to grapple with his problems as “a demoniac possession”,needing no stimulation from conscious effort of the will. Einstein’s own theory about himself must be correct; nothing else could account for his irresistible energy in his own regions of thought and his lamblike helplessness in ordinary contacts. To catalogue a few of his lost wars of everyday life:For a time he refused to play the violin for charity because of his modest estimate of his own ability, and because he thought it unfair to professionals; under pressure, however, he gave many recitals. He declined a deluxe cabin on a trip to America because of his scruples against luxury, butaccepted when informed that he was hurting the feelings of the steamship line. On his trip to India,he refused to travel in a rickshaw because he thought it degrading to use a human being as a draughtanimal; he reconsidered, however, on the ground that rickshaw boys must live, and patronized themextensively. Hating fuss and feathers, he has been induced to make triumphal progresses on fourcontinents. He has compared mass newspaper interviews to being bitten by wolves and to beinghanged, but nevertheless he is frequently gang- interviewed. This easy yielding to pressure would lead another man to cheapen himself, but Einstein issaved by his aesthetic sense and his unworldliness. He could not do anything sordid. He doesntwant anything; there is nothing about the man for temptation to work on. When he received theNobel Prize in 1921, he gave it to charity. When a magazine offered him an amazing sum for anarticle, he rejected it contemptuously. What? he exclaimed. Do they think I am a prizefighter? "But he finally wrote the article after arguing the magazine into cutting the price in half. It is saidthat he declined his present post at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton on the ground thatthe salary was preposterously munificent, and was persuaded to accept only by the promise of anenormous pay cut. He objected to gifts, but his 1930 trip to this country netted him five violins andother valuable booty. His backbone stiffened, however, when an admirer sought to press on him aGuarnerius valued at $33, 000; this he firmly refused, saying that he was not enough of a musicianto do justice to the instrument. Probably no man has been more plagued than Einstein by offers ofmoney for tes timonials for toothpaste, pimpleeradicators, corn plasters, and cigarettes. He brushedall this aside as corruption”and would have no compromise. Einstein regards money as somethingto give away; in 1927, he was aiding one hundred and fifty poor families in Berlin.What has led t

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A.the moment B.the moment when C.at the moment D.at the moment when

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A.six-year-olds B.six-years-old C.six-year-old D.six-years-olds

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s,="" when="" victorian="" ways="" were="" in="" vogue="" here.="" leisure- american="" ladies="" began="" having="" “kettledrums”="" at="" 4="" p.m.="" was="" called="" that="" connection="" with="" the="" term="" “teakettle.”="" petits="" fours="" and="" other="" dainty="" delights="" served="" am opulence.A Victorian diarist, Maud Berkeley {Maud: The Illustrated Diary of a Victorian Woman, Chronicle Books, 1987) gave an anecdote concerning tea time: “Mrs. Barnes had out a lovely tea- cloth for her tea-party, worked all over with cyclamens and honeysuckle. Shoggie Boucher, unused to such dainty, contrived to slop his tea all over it. Thankful it was not I. As it was, my new feather boa, which I wore for the first time, got into my teacup, causing much alarm and merriment to all assembled. Lilian Black-Barnes was, as ever, strong in adversity and wrung out the offending object in the kitchen sink. Fear it may never be the same again, none the less.”My family, mother, and I were able to relieve some of that sophisticated elegance (minus the drippy boa) when we had tea at the Ritz in London. The Palm Court, an open area on the ground floor of the hotel, is a study in turn-of-the-century decor. Gilt statuary, palms, and other plants, and stylishly-set little tables beckon welcomingly under high-up, rose-tinted skylights.Our waiter brought us a selection of finger sandwiches of smoked salmon, ham, cucumber, Cheddar cheese, cream cheese, and chives, or egg salad. Scones (similar to American biscuits) were offered with butter, and various preserves and jellies.Along with this we were served Indian or China tea, and hot chocolate for my young daughter. Then the dapper waiter presented a vast tray holding many French pastries and cakes from which we could choose. After several teeny sandwiches and a couple of marmalade-coated scones, a chocolate eclair seemed to add carbohydrate overload to carboload, but “when in England, do as the English do.”This tea feast was served between 3:30 and 5:30 p.m. Around 10:00 p.m., we had regained just enough appetite to sample some fish and chips (French fries), and then we put our weary stomachs and ourselves to bed.What can be inferred about the writer’s opinion concerning what is served at the British tea time?Which of the following is a typical feature of Victorian tea time?Why does the author quote Maud Berkeley in the passage?Which of the following is close in meaning to the underlined word “weary” in the last paragraph?Which of the following is not employed in the passage?'>

The ritual of English tea time is believed to have originated in the late 1700’s when Anna, Duchess of Bedford, ordered that a plate of cakes be sent up to her with her afternoon cup of tea.The Duchess chronically experienced a “sinking feeling” (what we would term “low blood sugar”) in the late afternoon. To tide her over the long hours between meals she turned to carbohydrates.Other royals immediately copied the Duchess, and afternoon tea parties became quite fashionable. Low tables were set up in front of sofas and chairs, and the ladies found a new opportunity to show off pretty clothes, fine china, embroidered linen tablecloths and napkins, and silver tableware.Tea time was also the time to exchange juicy gossip and serve refreshments. Soon darling little sandwiches and sweet pastries as well as scones were being arranged on decorative stands and plates for the ladies’ pleasure.The tea party mania quickly spread across the Atlantic where tea was already enjoyed as a beverage. This fondness for tea was later suppressed by the patriotic Americans during the era immediately preceding the American Revolution because of the unreasonable British tax on tea.However, by April 27, 1776, Congress announced in the Philadelphia Packet that “the drinking of tea can now be indulged.” The custom of afternoon tea parties was not really revived in this country, though, until the mid-1800's, when Victorian ways were in vogue here. Leisure-class American ladies began having “kettledrums” at 4 p.m. “Kettledrums” was called th

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