学习论——教学论

You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to

1)express your thanks for his/her warm reception;

2)welcome him/her to visit China in due course.

You should write about 100 words.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Zhang Wei" instead.

Do not write your address.

Part B (10 points)

[A] Anti-virus software often bounces a warning back to the sender of an infected e-mail, saying that the e-mail in question cannot be delivered because it contains a virus. SoBig. F was able to spoof this system by" harvesting" e-mail addresses from the hard disks of infected computers. Some of these addresses were then sent infected e-mails that had been doctored to look as though they had come from other harvested addresses. The latter were thus sent warnings, even though their machines may not have been infected.

[B] Blaster worked by creating a "buffer overrun in the remote procedure call". In English, that earns it attacked a piece of software used by Microsoft's Windows operating system to allow one computer to control another. It did so by causing that software to use too much memory.

[C] Though both of these programs fell short of the apparent objectives of their authors, they still caused damage. For instance, they forced the shutdown of a number of computer networks, including the one used by the New York Times newsroom, and the one organizing trains operated by CSX, a freight company on America's east coast. Computer scientists expect that it is only a matter of time before a truly devastating virus is unleashed.

[D] Most worms work by exploiting weaknesses in an operating system, but whoever wrote Blaster had a particularly refined sense of humour, since the website under attack was the one from which users could obtain a program to fix the very weakness in Windows that the worm itself was exploiting.

[E] One way to deal with a wicked worm like Blaster is to design a fairy godmother worm that goes around repairing vulnerable machines automatically. In the case of Blaster someone seems to have tried exactly that with a program called Welchi. However, according to Mr. Haley, Welchi has caused almost as many problems as Blaster itself, by overwhelming networks with "pings" signals that checked for the presence of other computers.

[F] SoBig. F was the more visible of the two recent waves of infection because it propagated itself by e-mail, meaning that victims noticed what was going on. SoBig. F was so effective that it caused substantial disruption even to those protected by anti-virus software. That was because so many copies of the virus spread (some 500,000 computers were infected) that many machines were overwhelmed by messages from their own anti-virus software. On top of that, one common counter-measure backfired, increasing traffic still further.

[G] Kevin Haley of Symantec, a firm that makes anti-virus software, thinks that one reason SoBig. F was so much more effective than other viruses that work this way is because it was better at searching hard-drives for addresses. Brian King, of CERT, an internet-security centre at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, notes that, unlike its precursors, SoBig. F was capable of "multi-threading": it could send multiple e-mails simultaneously, allowing it to dispatch thousands in minutes.

(41)

某计算机的I／O设备：采用异步串行传送方式传送字符信息。字符信息的格式为1位起始位、7位数据位、1位校验位和1位停止位。若要求每秒传送560个字符，则该串行设备的数据传送率为_______波特。

材料1

十一届三中全会开始改革开放、十四大确定社会主义市场经济体制改革目标以及十四届三中全会做出相关决定以来，我国经济体制改革在理论和实践上取得重大进展。

摘自《中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》

材料2

中国的经济体制改革是一场前无古人的伟大变革，十四大以来，党领导全国人民坚持解放思想，实事求是，大胆实践，不断加深对改革的规律性认识，积累了宝贵的经验：一是，不断推进理论创新，科学指导开创性的改单实践。十四大明确提出建立社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标，根本解除传统计划经济理论的束缚。十四届三中全会勾画了新体制的基本框架，为经济体制的根本性变革指明正确方向。十五大、十六大继续推进理论创新，在国有经济战略性调整、非公有制经济的地位、国有资产管理体制改革和理顺收入分配关系等一系列重大问题上，进一步做出创造性的理论贡献，为推动改革实践的不断突破，提供科学的理论依据和操作指南。……三是，着力解决深层次体制矛盾，注重制度建设和创新。在建立社会主义市场经济体制的改革新阶段，一方面必将深刻冲击旧体制的核心部分，另一方面更需要以新制度取而代之。因此，需要掌握好“破旧”和“立新”、“废除”和“建设”的辩证关系，以更大的决心和力度，由易到难，不断消除深层次的旧体制障碍，同时全面加强各项新制度的建设。及时总结改革的成功经验，上升为法律法规，建立健全具有稳定性、权威性的新制度和新机制。

摘自卢中原：《经济体制实现根本性转变的基本经验》，《中国经济时报》2003年7月14日

请回答：

(1)说明我国经济体制改革目标模式的确立过程。

(2)依据材料1、2，说明我国经济体制改革不断深化的过程所包含的哲学原理。

(3)结合材料1、2，说明理论创新的重大意义。

论述题：要求论述紧扣题意，合乎逻辑。

运用马克思关于社会总资本再生产的有关原理，分析我国经济生活中存在的部分生产资料和消费品的供过于求对社会再生产的影响及应采取的对策。